How does vitamin C help fight against free radicals?

Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble vitamin and a potent antioxidant that plays an essential role in the body's defense against free radicals. Free radicals are unstable molecules that can damage cells, proteins, and DNA in the body. They arise from normal metabolic processes, as well as from external factors such as exposure to UV radiation, pollution, and cigarette smoke.

Vitamin C helps to fight against free radicals in several ways:

Direct Scavenging of Free Radicals: Vitamin C can directly neutralize free radicals by donating electrons, thus stabilizing the free radical and preventing it from causing cellular damage.

Regeneration of Vitamin E: Vitamin C can help to regenerate other antioxidants, like vitamin E, after they've been oxidized. Vitamin E is a lipid-soluble antioxidant that protects the lipid membranes of cells. When vitamin E neutralizes a free radical, it becomes oxidized itself. Vitamin C can donate an electron to the oxidized vitamin E, regenerating its antioxidant capabilities.

Collagen Synthesis: Vitamin C is essential for the synthesis of collagen, a protein that provides structure and elasticity to the skin, tendons, ligaments, and blood vessels. By ensuring proper collagen synthesis, vitamin C indirectly helps to maintain the integrity of tissues, which can act as a barrier against the ingress of harmful substances and free radicals.

Boosting Immunity: Vitamin C supports immune system function. While this doesn't directly neutralize free radicals, a robust immune system can recognize and clear out damaged cells that may have been impacted by free radical damage.

Reduction of Oxidative Stress: By neutralizing free radicals, vitamin C reduces oxidative stress in the body, which can lead to inflammation and various chronic diseases.

It's worth noting that while vitamin C has numerous benefits, it's essential to consume it in recommended amounts. High doses might not offer additional benefits and could lead to potential side effects like digestive discomfort. Always consult with a healthcare professional before making significant changes to vitamin or supplement intake.